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Jiapila Formation

Jiapila Fm

Period: 
Triassic

Age Interval: 
Early-middle Late Triassic, (TJ33)


Province: 
Xizang (Tibet)

Type Locality and Naming

The type section is located at Jiapila Mountain, area of Changdu to Suiba in the Qamdo area, Tibet Autonomous Region. It was named by the third area survey team of Sichuan Geological Bureau in 1974. [See historical details in "Age" section below.]

Synonym:


Lithology and Thickness

It is a rhyme or interbed composed of purple-red conglomerate, sandstone and shale. Lower part is purple-red, gray-purple thick-layered massive conglomerate, gravel-bearing sandstone intercalated with feldspar sandstone, siltstone and shale, 758 m thick, and light gray and gray-green thick-layered gravel-bearing sandstone, feldspar quartz sandstone intercalated with purple in the middle. The red siltstone is 1078 m thick. Upper part is purple-red and gray-purple sandstone, 325 m thick.


Lithology Pattern: 
Sandstone


Relationships and Distribution

Lower contact

The bottom is marked by the appearance of purple-red clastic rocks, which are in unconformity contact with the underlying Xiaridou Fm of Anisian.

Upper contact

Next higher regional unit is the Bolila Fm of Norian.

Regional extent

This group is mainly distributed in Tibet's Changdu, Suiba, and Mangkang areas


GeoJSON

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Fossils

Bivalves: Costatoria napengensis nuitoensis, C. mansuyi, C. gigantea, C. elongata, C. pterygia, Nuculana yunanensis, N. perlonga, Entolium cf. quotidianum, Gervillia cf. praecuisor, Plants: Anomazamites sp.


Age 

The Jiapila Formation originally represented a set of rhythmic deposits composed of clastic rocks and volcanic rocks during the Late Triassic Carnian period in the Qamdo area, Tibet. The Sichuan District Research Team and the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences once classified the upper layer into the lower Norian in 1982. In 1982, Zhao Jinke and others further determined its era as the Carnian period. Rao Rongbiao et al. revised the meaning of this group in 1987, representing a red rock layer dominated by clastic rocks, which is characterized by not containing volcanic rocks and limestones. The age is determined to be the Late Triassic Carnian to Norian. This article continues to use it. [Tong et al., 2019, implies spanning Carnian; because it is regionally followed by the Bolila Fm that begins at base Norian.].

Age Span: 

    Beginning stage: 
Carnian

    Fraction up in beginning stage: 
0.0

    Beginning date (Ma): 
237.00

    Ending stage: 
Carnian

    Fraction up in the ending stage: 
1.0

    Ending date (Ma):  
227.30

Depositional setting

It is interpreted as shallow sea deposits.


Depositional pattern:  


Additional Information


Compiler:  

Zhang Shunxin, Li Jiaqi and Tong Jinnan.